Filter FlateDecode Length 8601 q /GS3 gs /CS0 cs 1 scn BT 0 Tr /T1_0 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78 610.6151 Tm [(11.2.)-672(Mix)10(tur)19(e)-300(mod)20(els)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 499.49583 610.6151 Tm [(339)] TJ ET BT /T1_2 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.48722 579.59156 Tm [(p)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 168.4984 579.59156 Tm [(\()] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 172.37386 579.59156 Tm [(x)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 178.426 578.092 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_6 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 181.743 579.587 Tm [(|)] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 184.5126 579.587 Tm [(z)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 189.602 578.092 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 192.919 579.587 Tm [(\))] TJ ET BT /T1_2 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 236.39579 579.587 Tm [(p)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 241.40697 579.587 Tm [(\()] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 245.28243 579.587 Tm [(z)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 250.378 578.092 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 253.694 579.587 Tm [(\))] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 308.00013 579.587 Tm [(Name)-12123(Section)] TJ ET /GS2 gs 1 0 0 1 157.515 575.801 cm /CS0 CS 1 SCN 0.398 w 0 0 m 329.095 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -157.515 -575.801 cm BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 567.233 Tm [(MVN)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 236.39831 567.233 Tm [(Discr)29(e)10(t)28(e)-4025(Mixtur)29(e)-325(o)15(f)-325(Gaussians)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 451.87938 567.233 Tm [(11.2.1)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 555.27788 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Discr)29(e)10(t)28(e)-1733(Discr)29(e)10(t)28(e)-4025(Mixtur)29(e)-325(o)15(f)-325(multinomials)-4778(11.2.2)] TJ ET BT 1.2 TL 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 543.32276 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Gaussian)-1331(Pr)28(od.)-403(Gaussian)-1200(F)35(act)30(or)-325(analy)22(sis/)-325(pr)28(obabilistic)-325(PCA)-1200(12.1.5)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 531.36764 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Gaussian)-1331(Pr)28(od.)-403(Laplace)-1756(Pr)28(obabilistic)-325(ICA/)-325(spar)14(se)-325(coding)-1814(12.6)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 519.41252 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Discr)29(e)10(t)28(e)-1733(Pr)28(od.)-403(Gaussian)-1200(Multinomial)-325(PCA)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 451.87938 519.41252 Tm [(27.2.3)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 507.4574 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Discr)29(e)10(t)28(e)-1733(Dirichle)10(t)-3794(La)20(t)28(ent)-325(Dirichle)10(t)-325(alloca)20(tion)-4111(27.3)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 495.50228 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Noisy)22(-OR)-1200(Pr)28(od.)-403(Be)12(rnoulli)-1210(BN20/)-325(QMR)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 451.87938 495.50228 Tm [(10.2.3)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 163.492 483.54716 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-403(Be)12(rnoulli)-1341(Pr)28(od.)-403(Be)12(rnoulli)-1210(Sigmoid)-325(belief)-325(ne)10(t)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 451.87938 483.54716 Tm [(27.7)] TJ ET BT /T1_7 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78 462.545 Tm [(T)92(able)-422(11.1)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 175.29818 462.545 Tm [(Summar)-26(y)-422(o)15(f)-423(some)-422(popular)-422(dir)29(ect)28(ed)-423(la)20(t)28(ent)-422(v)24(ariable)-422(models.)-696(He)12(r)29(e)-422(Pr)28(odŽ)-422(means)-423(pr)28(oduct,)-446(so)] TJ ET BT 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78 451.58806 Tm [(Pr)28(od.)-592(Discr)29(e)10(t)28(e)25(Ž)-388(in)-388(the)-387(lik)36(elihood)-388(means)-388(a)-388(f)15(act)30(or)29(ed)-388(dist)-12(ribution)-388(o)15(f)-388(the)-388(f)27(orm)] TJ ET BT /T1_8 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 411.54488 458.31286 Tm [(\016)] TJ ET BT /T1_9 1 Tf 5.9776 0 0 5.9776 420.245 448.847 Tm [(j)] TJ ET BT 0.0007 Tc /T1_10 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 425.683 451.587 Tm [(Cat\()] TJ ET BT 0 Tc /T1_11 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 444.11613 451.587 Tm [(x)] TJ ET BT 0.000599999 Tc /T1_9 1 Tf 5.9776 0 0 5.9776 449.338 450.59 Tm [(ij)] TJ ET BT 0 Tc /T1_12 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 455.904 451.587 Tm [(|)] TJ ET BT /T1_13 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 458.45942 451.587 Tm [(z)] TJ ET BT /T1_9 1 Tf 5.9776 0 0 5.9776 463.179 450.59 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_10 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 466.341 451.587 Tm [(\))] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 469.92756 451.587 Tm [(,)-404(and)-388(Pr)28(od.)] TJ ET BT 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78245 440.63006 Tm [(Gaussian)30(Ž)-249(means)-249(a)-249(f)15(act)30(or)29(ed)-249(dist)-12(ribution)-249(o)15(f)-249(the)-249(f)27(orm)] TJ ET BT /T1_8 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 315.46339 447.35486 Tm [(\016)] TJ ET BT /T1_9 1 Tf 5.9776 0 0 5.9776 324.165 437.888 Tm [(j)] TJ ET BT /T1_12 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 329.604 440.6281 Tm [(N)] TJ ET BT /T1_10 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 338.48074 440.6281 Tm [(\()] TJ ET BT /T1_11 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 342.0673 440.6281 Tm [(x)] TJ ET BT 0.000599999 Tc /T1_9 1 Tf 5.9776 0 0 5.9776 347.29 439.631 Tm [(ij)] TJ ET BT 0 Tc /T1_12 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 353.856 440.6281 Tm [(|)] TJ ET BT /T1_13 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 356.41142 440.6281 Tm [(z)] TJ ET BT /T1_9 1 Tf 5.9776 0 0 5.9776 361.132 439.631 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_10 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 364.293 440.6281 Tm [(\))] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 367.87956 440.6281 Tm [(.)-378(PCA)58(Ž)-249(stands)-249(f)27(or)-249(principal)-249(com)13(ponents)] TJ ET BT 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78104 429.67116 Tm [(analy)22(sis)10(Ž.)-403(ICA)58(Ž)-325(stands)-325(f)27(or)-325(indepedendent)-325(com)13(ponents)-325(analy)22(sis)10(Ž.)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 311.567 cm 0 0 0 1 K 0.2 w 1 j 0 0 m 130.673 0 l S 0 0 m 0 103.096 l S 1 0 0 1 12.569 0 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -175.69 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n 0 0 0 1 k BT /T1_14 1 Tf 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 173.604 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -175.69 -311.567 cm 0 0 0 1 k BT /T1_14 1 Tf 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 175.281 307.922 Tm [(.1)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 189.039 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -189.039 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 186.952 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -189.039 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 188.629 307.922 Tm [(.2)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 202.388 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -202.388 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 200.301 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -202.388 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 201.978 307.922 Tm [(.)] TJ ET q 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 202.817 307.922 Tm [(3)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 215.762 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -215.762 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 213.675 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -215.762 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 215.352 307.922 Tm [(.4)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 229.111 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -229.111 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 227.024 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -229.111 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 228.701 307.922 Tm [(.)] TJ ET q 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 229.54 307.922 Tm [(5)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 242.46 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -242.46 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 240.373 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -242.46 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 242.05 307.922 Tm [(.)] TJ ET q 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 242.889 307.922 Tm [(6)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 255.834 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -255.834 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 253.747 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -255.834 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 255.424 307.922 Tm [(.7)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 269.183 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -269.183 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 267.096 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -269.183 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 268.773 307.922 Tm [(.)] TJ ET q 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 269.612 307.922 Tm [(8)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 282.532 311.567 cm 0 0 m 0 1.308 l S q 1 0 0 1 -282.532 -311.567 cm 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 280.445 307.922 Tm [(0)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 -282.532 -311.567 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 282.122 307.922 Tm [(.)] TJ ET q 158.068 307.897 136.983 107.797 re W n BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 282.961 307.922 Tm [(9)] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 1 163.121 315.389 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -315.389 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 314.282 Tm [(0.2)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 331.302 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -331.302 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 330.196 Tm [(0.3)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 347.215 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -347.215 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 346.109 Tm [(0.4)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 363.128 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -363.128 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 362.022 Tm [(0.5)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 379.041 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -379.041 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 377.935 Tm [(0.6)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 394.954 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -394.954 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 393.8481 Tm [(0.7)] TJ ET 1 0 0 1 163.121 410.867 cm 0 0 m 1.282 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -163.121 -410.867 cm BT 3.0167 0 0 3.0167 158.068 409.761 Tm [(0.8)] TJ ET q 163.121 414.663 130.698 -103.121 re W n 1 0 0 1 163.196 388.493 cm 0 0.994 1 0 SC 0.905 w 0 0 m 0.05 0.478 l 0.126 1.106 l 0.201 1.76 l 0.327 2.414 l 0.427 2.891 l S Q 1 0 0 1 163.623 391.384 cm 0 0.994 1 0 SC 0.905 w 0 0 m 0.025 0.151 l 0.201 0.805 l 0.403 1.433 l 4.221 12.786 16.442 5.321 22.223 0.151 c 22.374 0.025 l 22.802 -0.352 l 29.037 -5.88 34.533 -12.83 39.066 -19.809 c 39.293 -20.111 l 39.695 -20.765 l 39.921 -21.091 l 40.122 -21.418 l 40.324 -21.72 l 42.519 -25.285 44.638 -28.92 46.483 -32.681 c 46.809 -33.309 l 46.885 -33.46 l 48.96 -37.598 50.744 -41.839 52.34 -46.18 c 52.365 -46.331 l 52.566 -46.834 l 52.792 -47.488 l 52.792 -47.538 l 54.469 -52.405 55.901 -57.803 56.438 -62.923 c 56.513 -63.577 l 56.563 -64.205 l 56.944 -68.736 56.728 -75.94 52.365 -78.71 c 51.963 -78.962 l 51.837 -79.012 l 51.536 -79.163 l 51.108 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-2.991 l 0.402 -2.614 l 0.276 -2.338 l 0 -1.785 l -0.0509999 -1.709 l -0.227 -1.056 l -0.277 -0.402 l 0 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -264.13 -373.108 cm /CS0 cs 1 scn BT /T1_1 1 Tf 7.9701 0 0 7.9701 222.705 295.741 Tm [(\(a\))] TJ ET q 318.935 415.697 164.161 -65.189 re W n q 165.426 0 0 65.676 318.357 350.472 cm /X1 Do Q Q q 318.935 350.508 164.161 -42.812 re W n q 165.426 0 0 43.476 318.357 307.092 cm /X2 Do Q Q BT 7.9701 0 0 7.9701 397.129 295.741 Tm [(\(b\))] TJ ET BT /T1_7 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78 272.435 Tm [(F)30(igur)20(e)-377(11.3)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 180.10417 272.435 Tm [(A)-377(mixtur)29(e)-377(o)15(f)-377(3)-377(Gaussians)-377(in)-377(2d.)-558(\(a\))-377(W)65(e)-377(sho)16(w)-377(the)-377(cont)30(our)14(s)-377(o)15(f)-377(constant)-377(pr)28(obability)-377(f)27(or)-377(each)] TJ ET BT 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78 261.47806 Tm [(com)13(ponent)-295(in)-294(the)-295(mixtur)29(e.)-392(\(b\))-295(A)-295(sur)-11(f)15(ace)-294(plo)12(t)-295(o)15(f)-294(the)-295(o)20(v)29(e)12(r)13(all)-294(density)53(.)-393(Based)-295(on)-294(Figur)29(e)-295(2.23)-294(o)15(f)-295(\(Bishop)-295(2006a\).)] TJ ET BT 1.222 TL 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 130.78 250.52112 Tm [(Figur)29(e)-325(g)19(ene)12(r)13(a)20(t)28(ed)-325(b)20(y)] TJ ET BT 0.0001 Tc /T1_15 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 204.06239 250.52112 Tm [(mixGaussPlotDemo)] TJ ET BT 0 Tc /T1_1 1 Tf 8.9664 0 0 8.9664 279.36221 250.52112 Tm [(.)] TJ ET BT /T1_7 1 Tf 10.9091 0 0 10.9091 93.494 213.631 Tm [(11.2.1)-1370(Mixtur)20(es)-325(o)14(f)-325(G)13(aussians)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78 195.235 Tm [(The)-251(most)-251(widely)-252(used)-251(mixtur)29(e)-252(model)-251(is)-252(the)] TJ ET BT /T1_7 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 303.02339 195.235 Tm [(mixtur)20(e)-252(o)14(f)-251(G)13(aussians)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 394.97819 195.235 Tm [(\(MOG\),)-252(also)-251(called)-252(a)] TJ ET BT /T1_7 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 475.00776 195.235 Tm [(G)13(aussian)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78 183.27988 Tm [(mixtur)20(e)-345(mod)13(el)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 197.62905 183.27988 Tm [(or)] TJ ET BT /T1_7 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 209.36499 183.27988 Tm [(GMM)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 231.13327 183.27988 Tm [(.)-345(In)-345(this)-345(model,)-350(each)-345(base)-345(dist)-12(ribution)-345(in)-345(the)-345(mixtur)29(e)-345(is)-345(a)-345(multiv)24(aria)20(t)28(e)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78 171.32476 Tm [(Gaussian)-325(with)-325(mean)] TJ ET BT /T1_16 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 215.29274 171.32476 Tm [(µ)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 222.345 168.889 Tm [(k)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 230.484 171.325 Tm [(and)-325(co)20(v)24(ariance)-325(ma)20(t)-12(rix)] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 322.53842 171.325 Tm [(\003)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 330.813 169.83 Tm [(k)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 335.715 171.325 Tm [(.)-403(Thus)-325(the)-325(model)-325(has)-325(the)-325(f)27(orm)] TJ ET BT /T1_2 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 143.7357 141.70619 Tm [(p)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 148.74689 141.70619 Tm [(\()] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 152.62234 141.70619 Tm [(x)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 158.665 140.213 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_6 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 161.982 141.7081 Tm [(|)] TJ ET BT /T1_16 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 164.7516 141.7081 Tm [(\002)] TJ ET BT 0.2789 Tc /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 170.66939 141.7081 Tm [(\)=)] TJ ET BT 0 Tc /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 191.476 154.161 Tm [(K)] TJ ET BT /T1_17 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 187.872 151.172 Tm [(\002)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 187.822 129.725 Tm [(k)] TJ ET BT /T1_18 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 192.22247 129.725 Tm [(=1)] TJ ET BT /T1_2 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 203.973 141.7081 Tm [(\013)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 209.652 140.213 Tm [(k)] TJ ET BT /T1_6 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 214.554 141.7081 Tm [(N)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 224.1978 141.7081 Tm [(\()] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 228.07325 141.7081 Tm [(x)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 234.117 140.213 Tm [(i)] TJ ET BT /T1_6 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 237.434 141.7081 Tm [(|)] TJ ET BT /T1_16 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 240.2036 141.7081 Tm [(µ)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 247.254 139.273 Tm [(k)] TJ ET BT /T1_2 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 252.156 141.7081 Tm [(,)] TJ ET BT /T1_4 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 256.58936 141.7081 Tm [(\003)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 264.858 140.213 Tm [(k)] TJ ET BT /T1_3 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 269.76 141.7081 Tm [(\))] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 495.81139 141.7081 Tm [(\(11.2\))] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78173 112.61731 Tm [(Figur)29(e)-341(11.3)-340(sho)16(w)19(s)-341(a)-340(mixtur)29(e)-341(o)15(f)-341(3)-340(Gaussians)-341(in)-341(2D.)-340(Each)-341(mixtur)29(e)-341(com)13(ponent)-340(is)-341(r)29(epr)29(esent)28(ed)-340(b)20(y)-341(a)] TJ ET BT 1.2 TL 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78173 100.66219 Tm [(di\002e)12(r)29(ent)-378(se)10(t)-378(o)15(f)-377(elip)11(tical)-378(cont)30(our)14(s.)-562(Giv)29(en)-377(a)-378(su\003ciently)-378(lar)15(g)19(e)-378(numbe)12(r)-377(o)15(f)-378(mixtur)29(e)-378(com)13(ponents,)-391(a)] TJ ET BT 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 130.78173 88.70707 Tm [(GMM)-325(can)-325(be)-325(used)-325(t)30(o)-325(appr)28(o)29(xima)20(t)28(e)-325(an)29(y)-325(density)-325(de“ned)-325(on)] TJ ET BT /T1_19 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 364.89287 88.70707 Tm [(R)] TJ ET BT /T1_5 1 Tf 6.9738 0 0 6.9738 372.086 92.324 Tm [(D)] TJ ET BT /T1_1 1 Tf 9.9626 0 0 9.9626 379.313 88.709 Tm [(.)] TJ ET Q